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Key concepts

Let’s Talk: Moving upstream

This condensed guide describes how public health works at three levels—downstream, midstream, and upstream—to improve everyone’s chance for good health. It provides definitions, examples and strategies to help practitioners and decision makers think about, and work with, the upstream determinants of health.

Introducing public health – online course

This free, online course introduces the scope of public health practice, with a focus on initiatives related to the determinants of ill health. It revolves around a case study, presented in a video, of public health’s role and activities in Coventry, England.

Let’s Talk: Universal and targeted approaches to health equity

Research indicates that interventions designed to close the gap between the most and least healthy can unwittingly result in a wider gap. This resource is a condensed guide to the differences, strengths and challenges of targeted, proportionate and universal approaches to improving health equity.